Fractonic Luttinger Liquids and Supersolids in a Constrained Bose-Hubbard Model

Abstract

Quantum many-body systems with fracton constraints are widely conjectured to exhibit unconventional low-energy phases of matter. In this work, we demonstrate the existence of a variety of such exotic quantum phases in the ground states of a dipole-moment conserving Bose-Hubbard model in one dimension. For integer boson fillings, we perform a mapping of the system to a model of microscopic local dipoles, which are composites of fractons. We apply a combination of low-energy field theory and large-scale tensor network simulations to demonstrate the emergence of a dipole Luttinger liquid phase. At non-integer fillings our numerical approach shows an intriguing compressible state described by a quantum Lifshitz model in which charge density-wave order coexists with dipole long-range order and superfluidity - a `dipole supersolid'. While this supersolid state may eventually be unstable against lattice effects in the thermodynamic limit, its numerical robustness is remarkable. We discuss potential experimental implications of our results.