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arXiv · 2212.03621

Bubble nucleation in a cold spin 1 gas

Thomas P. Billam·Kate Brown·Ian G. Moss
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Abstract

Cold atomic gases offer the prospect of simulating the physics of the very early universe in the laboratory. In the condensate phase, the gas is described by a field theory with key features of high energy particle theory. This paper describes a three level system which undergoes a first order phase transition through the nucleation of bubbles. The theoretical investigation shows bubbles nucleating in two dimensions at non-zero temperature. There is good agreement between the bubble nucleation rates calculated from a Stochastic Projected Gross-Pitaevskii equation and from a non-perturbative instanton method. When an optical box trap is included in the simulations, the bubbles nucleate preferentially near the walls of the trap.

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Thomas P. Billam, Kate Brown, Ian G. Moss. 2022-12-07. Bubble nucleation in a cold spin 1 gas. https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630%2Faccca2

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