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arXiv · 2212.03756

Magnetic octupoles as the order parameter for unconventional antiferromagnetism

Sayantika Bhowal·Nicola A. Spaldin
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Abstract

We show that time-reversal symmetry broken, centrosymmetric antiferromagnets with nonrelativistic spin-splitting are conveniently described in terms of the ferroic ordering of magnetic octupoles. The magnetic octupoles are the lowest-order ferroically ordered magnetic quantity in this case, and so are the natural order parameter for the transition into the magnetically ordered state. They provide a unified description of the broken time-reversal symmetry and the non-relativistic spin splitting as well as a platform for manipulating the latter, and account for other phenomena, such as piezomagnetism, characteristic of this class of antiferromagnets. Unusually for antiferromagnets, we show that the magnetic octupoles cause a non-zero magnetic Compton scattering, providing a route for their direct experimental detection. We illustrate these concepts using density-functional and model calculations for the prototypical non-relativistic spin-split antiferromagnet, rutile-structure manganese difuoride, MnF2.

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Sayantika Bhowal, Nicola A. Spaldin. 2022-12-07. Magnetic octupoles as the order parameter for unconventional antiferromagnetism. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevx.14.011019

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