Emergent phenomena in QCD: The holographic perspective

Abstract

A basic understanding of the relevant features of hadron properties from first principles QCD has remained elusive, and should be understood as emergent phenomena which depend critically on the number of dimensions of physical spacetime. These properties include the mechanism of color confinement, the origin of the hadron mass scale, chiral symmetry breaking and the pattern of hadronic bound states. Some of these complex issues have been recently addressed in an effective computational framework of hadron structure based on a semiclassical approximation to light-front QCD, and its holographic embedding in anti-de Sitter (AdS) space. This framework also embodies an underlying superconformal algebraic structure which gives rise to the emergence of a mass scale within the superconformal group: It determines the effective confinement potential of mesons, baryons and tetraquarks. The normalizable zero-mass ground state is identified with the pion which has no baryonic supersymmetric partner, a property which is shared for the lowest meson state in each particle family. This new approach to hadron physics leads to relativistic wave equations, similar in their simplicity to the Schroedinger equation in atomic physics, and provides important insights into the confinement mechanism of QCD.