Gaudin model and Deligne's category

Abstract

We show that the construction of the higher Gaudin Hamiltonians associated to the Lie algebra $\mathfrak{gl}_{n}$ admits an interpolation to any complex $n$. We do this using the Deligne's category $\mathcal{D}_{t}$, which is a formal way to define the category of finite-dimensional representations of the group $GL_{n}$, when $n$ is not necessarily a natural number. We also obtain interpolations to any complex $n$ of the no-monodromy conditions on a space of differential operators of order $n$, which are considered to be a modern form of the Bethe ansatz equations. We prove that the relations in the algebra of higher Gaudin Hamiltonians for complex $n$ are generated by our interpolations of the no-monodromy conditions. Our constructions allow us to define what it means for a pseudo-deifferential operator to have no monodromy. Motivated by the Bethe ansatz conjecture for the Gaudin model associated with the Lie superalgebra $\mathfrak{gl}_{n\vert n'}$, we show that a ratio of monodromy-free differential operators is a pseudo-differential operator without monodromy.