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arXiv · 2304.09642

The magnetic field and multiple planets of the young dwarf AU~Mic

J. -F. Donati·P. I. Cristofari·B. Finociety·B. Klein·C. Moutou·E. Gaidos·C. Cadieux·E. Artigau·A. C. M. Correia·G. Boué·N. J. Cook·A. Carmona·L. T. Lehmann·J. Bouvier·E. Martioli·J. Morin·P. Fouqué·X. Delfosse·R. Royon·G. Hébrard·S. H. P. Alencar·J. Laskar·L. Arnold·P. Petit·A. Kospal·A. Vidotto·C. P. Folsom·the SLS collaboration
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Abstract

In this paper we present an analysis of near-infrared spectropolarimetric and velocimetric data of the young M dwarf AU Mic, collected with SPIRou at the Canada-France-Hawaii telescope from 2019 to 2022, mostly within the SPIRou Legacy Survey. With these data, we study the large- and small-scale magnetic field of AU Mic, detected through the unpolarized and circularly-polarized Zeeman signatures of spectral lines. We find that both are modulated with the stellar rotation period (4.86 d), and evolve on a timescale of months under differential rotation and intrinsic variability. The small-scale field, estimated from the broadening of spectral lines, reaches $2.61\pm0.05$ kG. The large-scale field, inferred with Zeeman-Doppler imaging from Least-Squares Deconvolved profiles of circularly-polarized and unpolarized spectral lines, is mostly poloidal and axisymmetric, with an average intensity of $550\pm30$ G. We also find that surface differential rotation, as derived from the large-scale field, is $\simeq$30% weaker than that of the Sun. We detect the radial velocity (RV) signatures of transiting planets b and c, although dwarfed by activity, and put an upper limit on that of candidate planet d, putatively causing the transit-timing variations of b and c. We also report the detection of the RV signature of a new candidate planet (e) orbiting further out with a period of $33.39\pm0.10$ d, i.e., near the 4:1 resonance with b. The RV signature of e is detected at 6.5$\sigma$ while those of b and c show up at $\simeq$4$\sigma$, yielding masses of $10.2^{+3.9}_{-2.7}$ and $14.2^{+4.8}_{-3.5}$ Earth masses for b and c, and a minimum mass of $35.2^{+6.7}_{-5.4}$ Earth masses for e.

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J. -F. Donati, P. I. Cristofari, B. Finociety, B. Klein, C. Moutou, E. Gaidos, C. Cadieux, E. Artigau, A. C. M. Correia, G. Boué, N. J. Cook, A. Carmona, L. T. Lehmann, J. Bouvier, E. Martioli, J. Morin, P. Fouqué, X. Delfosse, R. Royon, G. Hébrard, S. H. P. Alencar, J. Laskar, L. Arnold, P. Petit, A. Kospal, A. Vidotto, C. P. Folsom, the SLS collaboration. 2023-04-19. The magnetic field and multiple planets of the young dwarf AU~Mic. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras%2Fstad1193

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