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arXiv · 2304.13857

Constraint on the chemical potentials of hydrogen and proton in recombination

L. L. Sales·F. C. Carvalho·H. T. C. M. Souza
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Abstract

In this paper, we revisit the hydrogen recombination history from a novel perspective: the evolution of chemical potentials. We derive expressions for the chemical potentials, which depend on the thermal bath temperature and the ionization degree of the universe. Our main finding reveals a constraint between the chemical potentials of hydrogen and proton at $z\approx 1200$ when the free electron fraction is $X_e\approx 1/3$. Furthermore, we present important data on the chemical potentials during recombination, highlighting the differences between the predictions of the Peebles' and CosmoRec code solutions. Finally, we discuss a particular case related to the chemical potential of hydrogen.

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L. L. Sales, F. C. Carvalho, H. T. C. M. Souza. 2023-04-26. Constraint on the chemical potentials of hydrogen and proton in recombination. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11671-z

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