Searcharxiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · 2306.12472

Dualities and Symmetries of Quantum Field Theories from Brane Engineering

Xingyang Yu
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

This dissertation presents a study of dualities and generalized global symmetries in quantum field theories (QFTs) from the string theory perspective. Chapter 2 is based on the work arXiv:2110.03696 with Sebasti\'{a}n Franco, Alessandro Minino and \'{A}ngel M. Uranga . It introduces a new class of string theory backgrounds, Spin(7) orientifolds, allowing for the engineering of 2$d$ $\mathcal{N}=(0,1)$ gauge theories on D1-branes and illustrating the perspective on 2$d$ $\mathcal{N}=(0,1)$ theories as real slices of 2$d$ $\mathcal{N}=(0,2)$ ones. Chapter 3 is based on the work arXiv:2112.03929 with Sebasti\'{a}n Franco, Alessandro Minino and \'{A}ngel M. Uranga. It presents a new, geometric perspective on the triality of 2$d$ $\mathcal{N}=(0,1)$ gauge theories, based on their brane engineering introduced in Chapter 2. It also shows that general Spin(7) orientifolds extend triality to theories consisting of coupled 2$d$ $\mathcal{N}=(0,2)$ and $\mathcal{N}=(0,1)$ sectors, leading to extensions of triality that interpolate between pure 2$d$ $\mathcal{N}=(0,2)$ and $\mathcal{N}=(0,1)$ cases. Chapter 4 is based on the work arXiv:2212.09743 with Jonathan J. Heckman, Max Hubner, Ethan Torres and Hao Y. Zhang. It presents a top-down construction of non-invertible duality symmetries in 4$d$ QFTs. The realization of QFTs is through D3-branes probing a Calabi-Yau threefold with an isolated singularity. The non-invertible duality defect then arises from configurations of 7-branes "at infinity". The study shows that different field-theoretic realizations of duality defects simply amount to distinct choices of where to place 7-brane branch cuts in the 5D bulk.

Explore related subjects

hep-th

Keep this discovery

BibTeXRIS

Xingyang Yu. 2023-06-21. Dualities and Symmetries of Quantum Field Theories from Brane Engineering. https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.12472

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

Timelike Entanglement from Spacetime Density Matrices: A Lattice Realization

We investigate timelike entanglement in quantum field theory using spacetime density matrices and provide a microscopic lattice realization. For a two-dimensional free real scalar field, we extend Gaussian diagonalization methods to the generally non-Hermitian reduced spacetime density matrix and determine its complete nonzero spectrum in the generic regular case, together with all integer R\'enyi moments. The real-time replica construction identifies these moments with Lorentzian branch-point twist-operator correlation functions. We test this identification against the full four-point function on a circle, boundary two-point functions with Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions, and massive form-factor predictions, finding quantitative agreement in both magnitude and phase across distinct causal regimes. The boundary setup exhibits a finite causally connected window in which every integer R\'enyi entropy is real, showing that reality is not equivalent to causal disconnection. These results provide a microscopic lattice foundation for timelike entanglement and for Lorentzian twist-operator methods beyond equal-time regions.

hep-th↗
arXiv2026

Landau-Ginzburg description of an exceptional ${\mathcal N}=1$ minimal model

The $\mathcal N=1$ superconformal minimal model with $m=12$ and the exceptional modular invariant $(E_6,D_8)$ is the unitary minimal model of the super-$W_3$ algebra. We propose its Landau-Ginzburg description using two real scalar superfields with the cubic superpotential ${\cal W}=g_1 XY^2/2 + g_2X^3/6$. For $g_1=g_2$, this superpotential is known to describe a product of two $m=3$ $\mathcal N=1$ superconformal minimal models, which is the $m=10$ model with the $(D_6,E_6)$ modular invariant. The exceptional $m=12$ superconformal minimal model is realized at a different fixed point of the same theory. Testing this Landau-Ginzburg description requires the fusion ring of the minimal model, which we obtain from the modular data of the extended algebra. The fusion ring has a $\mathbb Z_2$ grading by chiral fermion parity that the ordinary fusion coefficients do not determine. This grading, composed with conjugation, gives the generator of the R-parity $\mathbb Z_2^{R}$ of the Landau-Ginzburg theory. We then treat the theory with superpotential $\cal W$ as a Gross-Neveu-Yukawa model in $d=4-\epsilon$ and find a weakly coupled infrared fixed point with $g_1/g_2=3/2+\mathcal O(\epsilon)$, at which supersymmetry emerges. We also describe the renormalization group flow from this fixed point to the decoupled fixed point with $g_1=g_2$. The operator dimensions at the coupled fixed point, continued to $d=2$, agree approximately with their values in the $m=12$ superconformal minimal model. Finally, we estimate the scaling dimensions in the new interacting $d=3$ $\mathcal N=1$ superconformal field theory.

hep-th↗
arXiv2026

Detecting one-dimensional bosonic SPT phases via twisted entropic order parameter

Entanglement asymmetry, introduced by F. Ares, S. Murciano and P. Calabrese, provides a density-matrix diagnostic of symmetry breaking and successfully captures the Landau data associated with a broken symmetry pattern. However, it is by now well established that gapped quantum many-body systems can exhibit phases which are not characterized solely by Landau symmetry breaking. A fundamental example is a symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phase, and the ordinary definition of entanglement asymmetry is insensitive to this topological information. In this work we introduce a refined quantity, which we call the twisted entropic order parameter, designed to detect SPT phases from reduced density matrices, particularly focusing on one-dimensional bosonic systems. The key ingredient in our construction is an ancilla degrees of freedom that coherently records the untwisted state and the twisted state associated to a one-ended topological defect of unbroken symmetry, so that the enlarged density matrix retains the charge carried by the defect endpoint. We demonstrate our proposal in concrete lattice models and further generalize it beyond ordinary group symmetries, establishing its ability to diagnose SPT phases. This provides a first step toward a unified entanglement-asymmetry framework for diagnosing quantum phases of matter.

hep-th↗