Data-Driven Update of B(H) Curves of Iron Yokes in Normal Conducting Accelerator Magnets

Abstract

Constitutive equations are used in electromagnetic field simulations to model a material response to applied fields or forces. The $B(H)$ characteristic of iron laminations depends on thermal and mechanical stresses that may have occurred during the manufacturing process. Data-driven modelling and updating of the $B(H)$ characteristic are therefore well known necessities. In this work the $B(H)$ curve of an iron yoke of an accelerator magnet is updated based on observed magnetic flux density data by solving a non-linear inverse problem. The inverse problem is regularized by restricting the solution to the function space that is spanned by the truncated Karhunen Loeve expansion of a stochastic $B(H)$-curve model based on material measurements. It is shown that this method is able to retrieve a previously selected ground truth $B(H)$-curve. With the update of the $B(H)$ characteristic, the numerical model gains predictive capacities for excitation currents that were not included in the data.