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arXiv · 2306.15555

Bubbletrons: Ultrahigh-Energy Particle Collisions and Heavy Dark Matter at Phase Transitions

Iason Baldes·Maximilian Dichtl·Yann Gouttenoire·Filippo Sala
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Abstract

We initiate the study of `bubbletrons', by which we mean ultra-high-energy collisions of the particle shells that generically form at the walls of relativistic bubbles in cosmological first-order phase transitions (PT). As an application, we calculate the maximal dark matter mass $M_{DM}$ that bubbletrons can produce in a $U(1)$ gauge PT, finding $M_{DM} \sim 10^5/10^{11}/10^{15}$ GeV for PT scales $v_\phi \sim 10^{-2}/10^3/10^9$ GeV. Bubbletrons realise a novel link between ultra-high-energy phenomena and gravitational waves (GW) sourced at the PT, from nanohertz to megahertz frequencies.

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Iason Baldes, Maximilian Dichtl, Yann Gouttenoire, Filippo Sala. 2023-06-27. Bubbletrons: Ultrahigh-Energy Particle Collisions and Heavy Dark Matter at Phase Transitions. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.061001

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