Large thermo-spin effects in Heusler alloy based spin-gapless semiconductor thin films

Abstract

Recently, Heusler alloys-based spin gapless semiconductors (SGSs) with high Curie temperature (TC) and sizeable spin polarization have emerged as potential candidates for tunable spintronic applications. We report comprehensive investigation of the temperature dependent ANE and intrinsic longitudinal spin Seebeck effect (LSSE) in CoFeCrGa thin films grown on MgO substrates. Our findings show the anomalous Nernst coefficient for the MgO/CoFeCrGa (95 nm) film is $\cong 1.86$ micro V/K at room temperature which is nearly two orders of magnitude higher than that of the bulk polycrystalline sample of CoFeCrGa (= 0.018 micro V/K) but comparable to that of the magnetic Weyl semimetal Co2MnGa thin film (2-3 micro V/K). Furthermore, the LSSE coefficient for our MgO/CoFeCrGa(95nm)/Pt(5nm) heterostructure is $\cong 20.5$ $\mu$V/K/$\Omega$ at room temperature which is twice larger than that of the half-metallic ferromagnetic La$_{0.7}$Sr$_{0.3}$MnO$_3$ thin films ($\cong$ 20.5 $\mu$V/K/$\Omega$). We show that both ANE and LSSE coefficients follow identical temperature dependences and exhibit a maximum at $\cong$ 225 K which is understood as the combined effects of inelastic magnon scatterings and reduced magnon population at low temperatures. Our analyses not only indicate that the extrinsic skew scattering is the dominating mechanism for ANE in these films but also provide critical insights into the functional form of the observed temperature dependent LSSE at low temperatures. Furthermore, by employing radio frequency transverse susceptibility and broadband ferromagnetic resonance in combination with the LSSE measurements, we establish a correlation among the observed LSSE signal, magnetic anisotropy and Gilbert damping of the CoFeCrGa thin films, which will be beneficial for fabricating tunable and highly efficient Heusler alloys based spincaloritronic nanodevices.