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arXiv · 2309.10994

Energy-momentum tensor of a hydrogen atom: stability, D-term, and the Lamb shift

Andrzej Czarnecki·Yizhuang Liu·Syed Navid Reza
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Abstract

We clarify two issues related to the so-called $D$-term in matrix elements of the energy-momentum tensor. First, we show that in a stable system, the $D$-term can have either sign, contrary to claims that it must be negative. Second, we demonstrate a logarithmic enhancement of the $\mathcal{\alpha}$ correction to the $D$-term in any state of the hydrogen atom. We contrast this enhancement with the Lamb shift where it is present only in S-states.

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Andrzej Czarnecki, Yizhuang Liu, Syed Navid Reza. 2023-09-20. Energy-momentum tensor of a hydrogen atom: stability, D-term, and the Lamb shift. https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.10994

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