Health diagnosis and recuperation of aged Li-ion batteries with data analytics and equivalent circuit modeling

Riko I Made; Jing Lin; Jintao Zhang; Yu Zhang; Lionel C. H. Moh; Zhaolin Liu; Ning Ding; Sing Yang Chiam; Edwin Khoo; Xuesong Yin; Guangyuan Wesley Zheng

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2024.109416

arXiv · 2310.03750

Health diagnosis and recuperation of aged Li-ion batteries with data analytics and equivalent circuit modeling

Riko I Made·Jing Lin·Jintao Zhang·Yu Zhang·Lionel C. H. Moh·Zhaolin Liu·Ning Ding·Sing Yang Chiam·Edwin Khoo·Xuesong Yin·Guangyuan Wesley Zheng

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Abstract

Battery health assessment and recuperation play a crucial role in the utilization of second-life Li-ion batteries. However, due to ambiguous aging mechanisms and lack of correlations between the recovery effects and operational states, it is challenging to accurately estimate battery health and devise a clear strategy for cell rejuvenation. This paper presents aging and reconditioning experiments of 62 commercial high-energy type lithium iron phosphate (LFP) cells, which supplement existing datasets of high-power LFP cells. The relatively large-scale data allow us to use machine learning models to predict cycle life and identify important indicators of recoverable capacity. Considering cell-to-cell inconsistencies, an average test error of $16.84\% \pm 1.87\%$ (mean absolute percentage error) for cycle life prediction is achieved by gradient boosting regressor given information from the first 80 cycles. In addition, it is found that some of the recoverable lost capacity is attributed to the lateral lithium non-uniformity within the electrodes. An equivalent circuit model is built and experimentally validated to demonstrate how such non-uniformity can be accumulated, and how it can give rise to recoverable capacity loss. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis also reveals that battery operation history significantly affects the capacity recovery.

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Riko I Made, Jing Lin, Jintao Zhang, Yu Zhang, Lionel C. H. Moh, Zhaolin Liu, Ning Ding, Sing Yang Chiam, Edwin Khoo, Xuesong Yin, Guangyuan Wesley Zheng. 2023-09-21. Health diagnosis and recuperation of aged Li-ion batteries with data analytics and equivalent circuit modeling. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2024.109416

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