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arXiv · 2311.11726

Spectroscopy of elementary excitations from quench dynamics in a dipolar XY Rydberg simulator

Cheng Chen·Gabriel Emperauger·Guillaume Bornet·Filippo Caleca·Bastien Gély·Marcus Bintz·Shubhayu Chatterjee·Vincent Liu·Daniel Barredo·Norman Y. Yao·Thierry Lahaye·Fabio Mezzacapo·Tommaso Roscilde·Antoine Browaeys
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Abstract

We use a Rydberg quantum simulator to demonstrate a new form of spectroscopy, called quench spectroscopy, which probes the low-energy excitations of a many-body system. We illustrate the method on a two-dimensional simulation of the spin-1/2 dipolar XY model. Through microscopic measurements of the spatial spin correlation dynamics following a quench, we extract the dispersion relation of the elementary excitations for both ferro- and anti-ferromagnetic couplings. We observe qualitatively different behaviors between the two cases that result from the long-range nature of the interactions, and the frustration inherent in the antiferromagnet. In particular, the ferromagnet exhibits elementary excitations behaving as linear spin waves. In the anti-ferromagnet, spin waves appear to decay, suggesting the presence of strong nonlinearities. Our demonstration highlights the importance of power-law interactions on the excitation spectrum of a many-body system.

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Cheng Chen, Gabriel Emperauger, Guillaume Bornet, Filippo Caleca, Bastien Gély, Marcus Bintz, Shubhayu Chatterjee, Vincent Liu, Daniel Barredo, Norman Y. Yao, Thierry Lahaye, Fabio Mezzacapo, Tommaso Roscilde, Antoine Browaeys. 2023-11-20. Spectroscopy of elementary excitations from quench dynamics in a dipolar XY Rydberg simulator. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adn0618

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