Entwining Yang-Baxter maps over Grassmann algebras

Abstract

We construct novel solutions to the set-theoretical entwining Yang-Baxter equation. These solutions are birational maps involving non-commutative dynamical variables which are elements of the Grassmann algebra of order $n$. The maps arise from refactorisation problems of Lax supermatrices associated to a nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation. In this non-commutative setting, we construct a spectral curve associated to each of the obtained maps using the characteristic function of its monodromy supermatrix. We find generating functions of invariants (first integrals) for the entwining Yang-Baxter maps from the moduli of the spectral curves. Moreover, we show that a hierarchy of birational entwining Yang-Baxter maps with commutative variables can be obtained by fixing the order $n$ of the Grassmann algebra. We present the members of the hierarchy in the case $n=1$ (dual numbers) and $n=2$, and discuss their dynamical and integrability properties, such as Lax matrices, invariants, and measure preservation.