Searcharxiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · 2312.09032

Effects of Symmetry in a Diffusive Energy Balance Model

Aksel Samuelsberg·Per Kristen Jakobsen
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

In this paper, we solve a North-type Energy Balance Model (EBM) using an analytical method, the Boundary Integral Method. This approach is discussed in light of existing analytical techniques for this type of equation. We use the method to demonstrate that the placement of a zonally symmetric continent, with an altered ice-albedo feedback dynamic, introduces new equilibrium states. A finite difference algorithm is implemented to solve the time-dependent equation and assess the stability of the equilibrium states, along with a numerical perturbation scheme. Bifurcation diagrams are drawn and we show that the bifurcation curve is extremely sensitive to the placement of a continent. The continent is initially configured with meridional symmetry, and we investigate how the system dynamics respond to a gradual reduction of the system's symmetry properties. We find that meridional symmetry increases the number of fold bifurcations and equilibria. Additionally, we discuss how the emerging bifurcation structures may provide insights into the complex dynamics involved as one ascends the climate model hierarchy.

Explore related subjects

math.DSphysics.ao-ph

Keep this discovery

BibTeXRIS

Aksel Samuelsberg, Per Kristen Jakobsen. 2023-12-14. Effects of Symmetry in a Diffusive Energy Balance Model. https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.09032

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

Admissible Fourier Lengths, KAM Reducibility, and Spectral Applications

We develop a perturbative KAM reducibility theory for one-frequency $\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{R})$ cocycles based on an admissible Fourier length $\ell$. The regularity relevant to the iteration is measured by positive adapted Fourier width rather than ordinary smoothness in the Euclidean length $|n|$. The same length governs Fourier decay, truncation and resonance scales, and the arithmetic condition controlling the small divisors. This framework contains the classical analytic and Gevrey settings, while non-monotone choices of $\ell$ allow classical nowhere differentiable Weierstrass-type perturbations and continuous perturbations outside every positive H\"older class. As spectral applications, we obtain purely absolutely continuous spectrum for every phase and $1/2$-H\"older continuity of the integrated density of states for the associated quasiperiodic Schr\"odinger operators. The Aubry dual has pure point spectrum for Lebesgue almost every dual phase, with eigenfunctions exponentially localized in the metric induced by $\ell$. We also construct nowhere differentiable quasiperiodic potentials with purely absolutely continuous Cantor spectrum.

math.DS↗
arXiv2026

Dynamics inside the attracting basins of some skew products

Polynomial skew products in $\mathbb{C}^2$ are maps of the form $F(z,w)=(P(z),Q(z,w))$, where $P$ and $Q$ are polynomials. Their local dynamics have been widely investigated. In this paper, we study the global dynamics inside Fatou components of some skew products. We consider all the inverse images in a Fatou component of a given point and use the Kobayashi metric to measure the distance between points. In the cases we consider, there are always arbitrarily large Kobayashi balls in the complement of these inverse sets.

math.DS↗
arXiv2026

Ergodicity of dynamical systems without uniqueness of orbits

Recently, there has been considerable interest in the study of non-deterministic dynamical systems. To analyze the chaotic behavior of such systems from a measure-theoretic viewpoint, it is desirable to consider ergodicity. However, the classical definition of ergodicity involves invariant sets, whose definition is not unique for non-deterministic dynamical systems. Thus, we are led to the question of which invariance yields an interesting definition of ergodicity. Here, we propose a definition based on the strong backward invariance and show that analogs of classical results hold. We also consider implications of the Birkhoff ergodic theorem for systems without uniqueness of orbits.

math.DS↗