JWST Directly Images Giant Planet Candidates Around Two Metal-Polluted White Dwarf Stars

Susan E. Mullally; John Debes; Misty Cracraft; Fergal Mullally; Sabrina Poulsen; Loic Albert; Katherine Thibault; William T. Reach; J. J. Hermes; Thomas Barclay; Mukremin Kilic; Elisa V. Quintana

arXiv · 2401.13153

JWST Directly Images Giant Planet Candidates Around Two Metal-Polluted White Dwarf Stars

Susan E. Mullally·John Debes·Misty Cracraft·Fergal Mullally·Sabrina Poulsen·Loic Albert·Katherine Thibault·William T. Reach·J. J. Hermes·Thomas Barclay·Mukremin Kilic·Elisa V. Quintana

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Abstract

We report the discovery of two directly imaged, giant planet candidates orbiting the metal-rich DAZ white dwarfs WD 1202-232 and WD 2105-82. JWST's Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) data on these two stars show a nearby resolved source at a projected separation of 11.47 and 34.62 au, respectively. Assuming the planets formed at the same time as their host stars, with total ages of 5.3 and 1.6Gyr, the MIRI photometry is consistent with giant planets with masses about 1-7 Jupiter Masses. The probability of both candidates being false positives due to red background sources is approximately 1 in 3000. If confirmed, these would be the first directly imaged planets that are similar in both age and separation to the giant planets in our own solar system, and they would demonstrate that widely separated giant planets like Jupiter survive stellar evolution. Giant planet perturbers are widely used to explain the tidal disruption of asteroids around metal-polluted white dwarfs. Confirmation of these two planet candidates with future MIRI imaging would provide evidence that directly links giant planets to metal pollution in white dwarf stars.

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Susan E. Mullally, John Debes, Misty Cracraft, Fergal Mullally, Sabrina Poulsen, Loic Albert, Katherine Thibault, William T. Reach, J. J. Hermes, Thomas Barclay, Mukremin Kilic, Elisa V. Quintana. 2024-01-24. JWST Directly Images Giant Planet Candidates Around Two Metal-Polluted White Dwarf Stars. https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.13153

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