Searcharxiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · 2402.05143

Liouvillian Solutions of Third Order Differential Equations

Camilo Sanabria·Thierry Combot
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

Consider a third order linear differential equation $L(f)=0$, where $L\in\mathbb{Q}(z)[\partial_z]$. We design an algorithm computing the Liouvillian solutions of $L(f)=0$. The reducible cases devolve to the classical case of second order operators, and in the irreducible cases, only finitely many differential Galois groups are possible. The differential Galois group is obtained through optimized computations of invariants and semi-invariants, and if solvable, the solutions are returned as pullbacks and gauge transformations of algebraic generalized hypergeometric function ${}_3F_2$. The computation time is practical for reasonable size operators.

Explore related subjects

math.CA

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Camilo Sanabria, Thierry Combot. 2024-02-07. Liouvillian Solutions of Third Order Differential Equations. https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.05143

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

On the log-concavity of the composite Bessel function $x^{\alpha}J_{\nu }\left( \beta x^{\gamma}\right) $

For a twice differentiable function $f:\left( a,b\right) \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ define $v\left( f\right) =f^{\prime}f^{\prime}-f^{\prime\prime }f.$ It is well known that the positivity of $v\left( f\right) $ implies that the function $\left\vert f\right\vert $ is strictly log-concave on each subinterval which does not contain zeros of $f.$ In this paper we provide criteria for the positivity of $v\left( F\right) $ for the composite Bessel function $F\left( x\right) =J_{\alpha,\beta,\gamma,\nu}\left( x\right) :=x^{\alpha}J_{\nu}\left( \beta x^{\gamma}\right) $ for positive numbers $\beta$ and $\gamma$ and real numbers $\alpha$ and $\nu.$

math.CA↗
arXiv2026

Riesz capacity ratios with negative exponents

We investigate sharp inequalities for ratios of Riesz capacities with negative exponents by combining computational experiments with rigorous analysis. For finite subsets of the line, we prove positivity of equilibrium masses when $-1<p<0$, enabling numerical tests of conjectured extremal ratios. In the plane, comparisons of the disk with regular polygon vertex sets reveal a cascade of transitions among the tested competitors and suggest a precise conjecture for the equilibrium measure of odd polygons, for which we give a partial proof. Numerical intersections of equality curves show that the regions where these sets outperform the disk are not simply nested. Similar numerical intersections occur in three dimensions between the regular-simplex equality curve and those of explicit five-point and six-point configurations. Motivated by the dimensional dependence of these comparisons, we prove that for each fixed $p<-2<q<0$, the regular simplex has a larger capacity ratio than the ball in all sufficiently large dimensions. Accompanying Python and Mathematica code supports reproduction and further testing of the conjectures.

math.CA↗
arXiv2026

Shorter proof of dimension-free $L^p$ estimates for maximal Riesz transforms

We provide a shorter and more direct proof of $L^p$ estimates for maximal Riesz transforms (of an arbitrary order) in terms of the corresponding Riesz transforms, with a constant independent of the dimension of the Euclidean space $\mathbb R^d$. This result was originally proved by Mateu, Orobitg, P\'erez and Verdera with a constant depending on the dimension, and improved to a dimension-free inequality by Kucharski, Wr\'obel and Zienkiewicz.

math.CA↗