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arXiv · 2403.00910

Beyond-classical computation in quantum simulation

Andrew D. King·Alberto Nocera·Marek M. Rams·Jacek Dziarmaga·Roeland Wiersema·William Bernoudy·Jack Raymond·Nitin Kaushal·Niclas Heinsdorf·Richard Harris·Kelly Boothby·Fabio Altomare·Mohsen Asad·Andrew J. Berkley·Martin Boschnak·Kevin Chern·Holly Christiani·Samantha Cibere·Jake Connor·Martin H. Dehn·Rahul Deshpande·Sara Ejtemaee·Pau Farré·Kelsey Hamer·Emile Hoskinson·Shuiyuan Huang·Mark W. Johnson·Samuel Kortas·Eric Ladizinsky·Tony Lai·Trevor Lanting·Ryan Li·Allison J. R. MacDonald·Gaelen Marsden·Catherine C. McGeoch·Reza Molavi·Richard Neufeld·Mana Norouzpour·Travis Oh·Joel Pasvolsky·Patrick Poitras·Gabriel Poulin-Lamarre·Thomas Prescott·Mauricio Reis·Chris Rich·Mohammad Samani·Benjamin Sheldan·Anatoly Smirnov·Edward Sterpka·Berta Trullas Clavera·Nicholas Tsai·Mark Volkmann·Alexander Whiticar·Jed D. Whittaker·Warren Wilkinson·Jason Yao·T. J. Yi·Anders W. Sandvik·Gonzalo Alvarez·Roger G. Melko·Juan Carrasquilla·Marcel Franz·Mohammad H. Amin
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Abstract

Quantum computers hold the promise of solving certain problems that lie beyond the reach of conventional computers. However, establishing this capability, especially for impactful and meaningful problems, remains a central challenge. Here, we show that superconducting quantum annealing processors can rapidly generate samples in close agreement with solutions of the Schr\"odinger equation. We demonstrate area-law scaling of entanglement in the model quench dynamics of two-, three-, and infinite-dimensional spin glasses, supporting the observed stretched-exponential scaling of effort for matrix-product-state approaches. We show that several leading approximate methods based on tensor networks and neural networks cannot achieve the same accuracy as the quantum annealer within a reasonable time frame. Thus, quantum annealers can answer questions of practical importance that may remain out of reach for classical computation.

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Andrew D. King, Alberto Nocera, Marek M. Rams, Jacek Dziarmaga, Roeland Wiersema, William Bernoudy, Jack Raymond, Nitin Kaushal, Niclas Heinsdorf, Richard Harris, Kelly Boothby, Fabio Altomare, Mohsen Asad, Andrew J. Berkley, Martin Boschnak, Kevin Chern, Holly Christiani, Samantha Cibere, Jake Connor, Martin H. Dehn, Rahul Deshpande, Sara Ejtemaee, Pau Farré, Kelsey Hamer, Emile Hoskinson, Shuiyuan Huang, Mark W. Johnson, Samuel Kortas, Eric Ladizinsky, Tony Lai, Trevor Lanting, Ryan Li, Allison J. R. MacDonald, Gaelen Marsden, Catherine C. McGeoch, Reza Molavi, Richard Neufeld, Mana Norouzpour, Travis Oh, Joel Pasvolsky, Patrick Poitras, Gabriel Poulin-Lamarre, Thomas Prescott, Mauricio Reis, Chris Rich, Mohammad Samani, Benjamin Sheldan, Anatoly Smirnov, Edward Sterpka, Berta Trullas Clavera, Nicholas Tsai, Mark Volkmann, Alexander Whiticar, Jed D. Whittaker, Warren Wilkinson, Jason Yao, T. J. Yi, Anders W. Sandvik, Gonzalo Alvarez, Roger G. Melko, Juan Carrasquilla, Marcel Franz, Mohammad H. Amin. 2024-03-01. Beyond-classical computation in quantum simulation. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.ado6285

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