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arXiv · 2404.18694

Beyond Gaze Points: Augmenting Eye Movement with Brainwave Data for Multimodal User Authentication in Extended Reality

Matin Fallahi·Patricia Arias-Cabarcos·Thorsten Strufe
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Abstract

Extended Reality (XR) technologies are becoming integral to daily life. However, password-based authentication in XR disrupts immersion due to poor usability, as entering credentials with XR controllers is cumbersome and error-prone. This leads users to choose weaker passwords, compromising security. To improve both usability and security, we introduce a multimodal biometric authentication system that combines eye movements and brainwave patterns using consumer-grade sensors that can be integrated into XR devices. Our prototype, developed and evaluated with 30 participants, achieves an Equal Error Rate (EER) of 0.29%, outperforming eye movement (1.82%) and brainwave (4.92%) modalities alone, as well as state-of-the-art biometric alternatives (EERs between 2.5% and 7%). Furthermore, this system enables seamless authentication through visual stimuli without complex interaction.

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Matin Fallahi, Patricia Arias-Cabarcos, Thorsten Strufe. 2024-04-29. Beyond Gaze Points: Augmenting Eye Movement with Brainwave Data for Multimodal User Authentication in Extended Reality. https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.18694

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