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arXiv · 2406.02853

Exfoliation and Optical Properties of S=1 Triangular Lattice Antiferromagnet NiGa$_2$S$_4$

Jazzmin Victorin·Aleksandar Razpopov·Tomoya Higo·Reynolds Dziobek-Garrett·Thomas J. Kempa·Satoru Nakatsuji·Roser Valentí·Natalia Drichko
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Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials have been an exciting area of research ever since scientists first isolated a single layer of graphene. Single layer magnetic materials can provide a pathway for vdW heterostructures with magnetic properties. While most of the magnetic vdW materials exhibit ordering transitions in the bulk, here we report a successful exfoliation of a triangular lattice S=1 antiferromagnet NiGa$_2$S$_4$, which already demonstrates exotic magnetism in the bulk material. We establish the number of layers of the material by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and detail a careful characterization using Raman and optical spectroscopy to demonstrate how the optical, electronic, and structural properties of NiGa$_2$S$_4$ change as a function of sample thickness. Optical measurements and electronic structure calculations of bulk versus monolayer NiGa$_2$S$_4$ confirm the material to be a Mott insulator with an electronic gap of about 1.5 eV, which slightly increases for layers below 10 L. We conclude with a theoretical analysis of the possibility of doping monolayer NiGa$_2$S$_4$ by proximity to a metal.

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Jazzmin Victorin, Aleksandar Razpopov, Tomoya Higo, Reynolds Dziobek-Garrett, Thomas J. Kempa, Satoru Nakatsuji, Roser Valentí, Natalia Drichko. 2024-06-05. Exfoliation and Optical Properties of S=1 Triangular Lattice Antiferromagnet NiGa$_2$S$_4$. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-77804-w

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