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arXiv · 2409.18738

Observation of 2D dam break flow and a gaseous phase of solitons in a photon fluid

Ludovica Dieli·Davide Pierangeli·Eugenio DelRe·Claudio Conti
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Abstract

We report the observation of a two-dimensional dam break flow of a photon fluid in a nonlinear optical crystal. By precisely shaping the amplitude and phase of the input wave, we investigate the transition from one-dimensional (1D) to two-dimensional (2D) nonlinear dynamics. We observe wave breaking in both transverse spatial dimensions with characteristic timescales determined by the aspect ratio of the input box-shaped field. The interaction of dispersive shock waves propagating in orthogonal directions gives rise to a 2D ensemble of solitons. Depending on the box size, we report the evidence of a dynamic phase characterized by a constant number of solitons, resembling a 1D solitons gas in integrable systems. We measure the statistical features of this gaseous-like phase. Our findings pave the way to the investigation of collective solitonic phenomena in two dimensions, demonstrating that the loss of integrability does not disrupt the dominant phenomenology.

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Ludovica Dieli, Davide Pierangeli, Eugenio DelRe, Claudio Conti. 2024-09-27. Observation of 2D dam break flow and a gaseous phase of solitons in a photon fluid. https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.18738

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