Trade-off Invariance Principle for minimizers of regularized functionals

Abstract

In this paper, we consider functionals of the form $H_\alpha(u)=F(u)+\alpha G(u)$ with $\alpha\in[0,+\infty)$, where $u$ varies in a set $U\neq\emptyset$ (without further structure). We first revisit a result stating that, excluding at most countably many values of $\alpha$, we have $\inf_{H_\alpha^\star}G= \sup_{H_\alpha^\star}G$, where $H_\alpha^\star := \arg\min_UH_\alpha$, which is assumed to be non-empty. Then, we prove a stronger result that concerns the invariance of the limiting value of the functional $G$ along minimizing sequences for $H_\alpha$, which extends the above Principle to the case $H_\alpha^\star= \emptyset$. Moreover, we show to what extent these findings generalize to multi-regularized functionals and -- in the presence of an underlying differentiable structure -- to critical points. Finally, the main result implies an unexpected consequence for functionals regularized with uniformly convex norms: excluding again at most countably many values of $\alpha$, it turns out that for a minimizing sequence, convergence to a minimizer in the weak or strong sense is equivalent.