VEGAS-SSS: An intra-group component in the globular cluster system of NGC 5018 group of galaxies using VST data

Abstract

Globular clusters (GCs) are fossil tracer of formation and evolution of galaxies and studying their properties provides crucial insights into past formation and interaction events. We study the properties of GC candidates in 1.25 $\times$ 1.03 sq. degrees area centred on NGC 5018 group of galaxies using deep, wide field and multi-band observations obtained with VST. We derived photometric catalogues of compact and extended sources and identified GC candidates using a set of photometric and morphometric selection parameters. A GC candidates catalogue is inspected using a statistical background decontamination technique. The 2D distribution map of GC candidates reveals an overdensity of sources on brightest member of group, NGC 5018. No significant GC overdensities are observed in other bright galaxies of group. We report discovery of a candidate local nucleated LSB dwarf galaxy possibly in tidal interaction with NGC 5018. The 2D map also reveals an intra-group GC population aligning with bright galaxies and along intra-group light component. Radial density profile of GC candidates in NGC 5018 follows galaxy surface brightness profile. Colour profile of GC candidates centred on this galaxy shows no evidence of well-known colour bimodality, which is instead observed in intra-group population. From GC luminosity function (GCLF) analysis, we find a low specific frequency $S_{\!\rm N}=0.59 \pm 0.27$ for NGC 5018, consistent with previous results. This relatively low $S_{\!\rm N}$ and lack of colour bimodality might be due to a combination of observational data limitations and the post-merger status of NGC 5018, which might host a population of relatively young GCs. For intra-group GC population, we obtain a lower limit of $S_{\!\rm {N,gr}}\sim0.6$. Using GCLF as a distance indicator, we estimate that NGC 5018 is located $38.0 \pm 7.9$ Mpc away, consistent with values in the literature..