AAD-DCE: An Aggregated Multimodal Attention Mechanism for Early and Late Dynamic Contrast Enhanced Prostate MRI Synthesis

Divya Bharti; Sriprabha Ramanarayanan; Sadhana S; Kishore Kumar M; Keerthi Ram; Harsh Agarwal; Ramesh Venkatesan; Mohanasankar Sivaprakasam

arXiv · 2502.02555

AAD-DCE: An Aggregated Multimodal Attention Mechanism for Early and Late Dynamic Contrast Enhanced Prostate MRI Synthesis

Divya Bharti·Sriprabha Ramanarayanan·Sadhana S·Kishore Kumar M·Keerthi Ram·Harsh Agarwal·Ramesh Venkatesan·Mohanasankar Sivaprakasam

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Abstract

Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DCE-MRI) is a medical imaging technique that plays a crucial role in the detailed visualization and identification of tissue perfusion in abnormal lesions and radiological suggestions for biopsy. However, DCE-MRI involves the administration of a Gadolinium based (Gad) contrast agent, which is associated with a risk of toxicity in the body. Previous deep learning approaches that synthesize DCE-MR images employ unimodal non-contrast or low-dose contrast MRI images lacking focus on the local perfusion information within the anatomy of interest. We propose AAD-DCE, a generative adversarial network (GAN) with an aggregated attention discriminator module consisting of global and local discriminators. The discriminators provide a spatial embedded attention map to drive the generator to synthesize early and late response DCE-MRI images. Our method employs multimodal inputs - T2 weighted (T2W), Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC), and T1 pre-contrast for image synthesis. Extensive comparative and ablation studies on the ProstateX dataset show that our model (i) is agnostic to various generator benchmarks and (ii) outperforms other DCE-MRI synthesis approaches with improvement margins of +0.64 dB PSNR, +0.0518 SSIM, -0.015 MAE for early response and +0.1 dB PSNR, +0.0424 SSIM, -0.021 MAE for late response, and (ii) emphasize the importance of attention ensembling. Our code is available at https://github.com/bhartidivya/AAD-DCE.

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Divya Bharti, Sriprabha Ramanarayanan, Sadhana S, Kishore Kumar M, Keerthi Ram, Harsh Agarwal, Ramesh Venkatesan, Mohanasankar Sivaprakasam. 2025-02-04. AAD-DCE: An Aggregated Multimodal Attention Mechanism for Early and Late Dynamic Contrast Enhanced Prostate MRI Synthesis. https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.02555

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