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arXiv · 2502.03192

Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in Au/FeCo/Au ultrathin films: Combined experimental and first-principles study

Justyn Snarski-Adamski·Hubert Głowiński·Justyna Rychły-Gruszecka·Piotr Kuświk·Mirosław Werwiński
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Abstract

Magnetic tunnel junctions with a magnetic layer with perpendicular anisotropy are currently used in computer memories that do not require voltage sustaining. An example of layers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy are ultrathin FeCo films on Au substrate. Here, we present an experimental and computational study of Fe$_{0.75}$Co$_{0.25}$ layers with a thickness up to two nanometers. The investigated FeCo layers are surrounded on both sides by Au layers. In experiment, we found perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in FeCo polycrystalline films with a thickness below 0.74 nm (five atomic monolayers). We also measured a strong surface contribution to effective magnetic anisotropy. From the density functional theory we determined structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of the FeCo films. The calculations showed an irregular dependence of magnetic anisotropy on FeCo layer thickness. We observed perpendicular anisotropy for one- and three-atom FeCo monolayers and in-plane anisotropy for two- and four-atom monolayers. However, the determination of running averages of magnetic anisotropy (of three successive thicknesses of atomic monolayers) leads to a close linear thickness dependence of magnetic anisotropy, similar to the experimental result. The reason why the properties of the several-atom-thick FeCo layers differ so significantly from those of the bulk parent material is the disappearance of the central region of the layer whose properties approximate those of the bulk, and instead the existence of near-interface regions with properties altered by the presence of discontinuities.

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Justyn Snarski-Adamski, Hubert Głowiński, Justyna Rychły-Gruszecka, Piotr Kuświk, Mirosław Werwiński. 2025-02-05. Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in Au/FeCo/Au ultrathin films: Combined experimental and first-principles study. https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.03192

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