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arXiv · 2503.15031

Canonical Energy-Momentum Tensor of Abelian Fields

Peir-Ru Wang·Yen-Cheng Chang
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Abstract

In this tutorial, we provide the natural derivation of symmetrical, gauge-invariant canonical energy-momentum tensor for the abelian gauge field, i.e., the electromagnetic field.

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Peir-Ru Wang, Yen-Cheng Chang. 2025-03-19. Canonical Energy-Momentum Tensor of Abelian Fields. https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.15031

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