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arXiv · 2503.17134

Conversion of photon temporal shape using single gradient metasurface

Zhaohua Tian·Qi Liu·Yu Tian·Ying Gu
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Abstract

By applying phase modulation across different frequencies, metasurfaces possess the ability to manipulate the temporal dimension of photons at the femtosecond scale. However, there remains a fundamental challenge to shape the single wavepacket at the nanosecond scale by using of metasurfaces. Here, we propose that the single photon temporal shape can be converted through the multi-photon wavepacket interference on a single metasurface. By selecting appropriate input single-photon temporal shapes and metasurfaces beam splitting ratio, controllable photon shape conversion can be achieved with high fidelity. For examples, photons with an exponentially decaying profile can be shaped into a Gaussian profile; by tuning the relative time delays of input photons, Gaussian-shaped photons can be transformed into exponentially decaying or rising profiles through the same metasurface. The proposed mechanism provides a compact way for solving the temporal shape mismatch issues in quantum networks, facilitating the realization of high-fidelity on-chip quantum information processing.

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Zhaohua Tian, Qi Liu, Yu Tian, Ying Gu. 2025-03-21. Conversion of photon temporal shape using single gradient metasurface. https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.17134

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