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arXiv · 2504.02722

Dynamic Directional Routing of Freight in the Physical Internet

Sahrish Jaleel Shaikh·Praveen Muthukrishnan·Yijun Lai·Benoit Montreuil
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Abstract

The Physical Internet (PI) envisions an interconnected, modular, and dynamically managed logistics system inspired by the Digital Internet. It enables open-access networks where shipments traverse a hyperconnected system of hubs, adjusting routes based on real-time conditions. A key challenge in scalable and adaptive freight movement is routing determining how shipments navigate the network to balance service levels, consolidation, and adaptability. This paper introduces directional routing, a dynamic approach that flexibly adjusts shipment paths, optimizing efficiency and consolidation using real-time logistics data. Unlike shortest-path routing, which follows fixed routes, directional routing dynamically selects feasible next-hop hubs based on network conditions, consolidation opportunities, and service level constraints. It consists of two phases: area discovery, which identifies candidate hubs, and node selection, which determines the next hub based on real-time parameters. This paper advances the area discovery phase by introducing a Reduced Search Space Breadth-First Search (RSS-BFS) method to systematically identify feasible routing areas while balancing service levels and consolidation. The proposed approach enhances network fluidity, scalability, and adaptability in PI-based logistics, advancing autonomous and sustainable freight movement.

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Sahrish Jaleel Shaikh, Praveen Muthukrishnan, Yijun Lai, Benoit Montreuil. 2025-04-03. Dynamic Directional Routing of Freight in the Physical Internet. https://doi.org/10.21872/2025iise_6427

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