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arXiv · 2504.03516

Supercooled Goldstone Bosons at the QCD Chiral Phase Transition

Adrien Florio·Eduardo Grossi·Aleksas Mazeliauskas·Alexander Soloviev·Derek Teaney
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Abstract

We discuss a universal non-equilibrium enhancement of long-wavelength Goldstone bosons induced by quenches to the broken phase in Model G -- the dynamical universality class of an $O(4)$-antiferromagnet and the chiral phase transition in QCD. Scaling arguments for the coarsening dynamics describing the formation of the chiral condensate predict a parametric enhancement in the infrared spectra of Goldstones, a prediction confirmed by stochastic simulations of the transition. The details of the enhancement are determined by the non-linear dynamics of a superfluid effective theory, which is a limit of Model G reflecting the broken $O(4)$ symmetry. Our results translate to a parametric enhancement of low-momentum pions in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC, which are underpredicted in current hydrodynamic models without critical dynamics.

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Adrien Florio, Eduardo Grossi, Aleksas Mazeliauskas, Alexander Soloviev, Derek Teaney. 2025-04-04. Supercooled Goldstone Bosons at the QCD Chiral Phase Transition. https://doi.org/10.1103/wyn4-ncdc

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