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arXiv · 2504.08855

Exponential Shift: Humans Adapt to AI Economies

Kevin J McNamara·Rhea Pritham Marpu
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Abstract

This paper explores how artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics are transforming the global labor market. Human workers, limited to a 33% duty cycle due to rest and holidays, cost $14 to $55 per hour. In contrast, digital labor operates nearly 24/7 at just $0.10 to $0.50 per hour. We examine sectors like healthcare, education, manufacturing, and retail, finding that 40-70% of tasks could be automated. Yet, human skills like emotional intelligence and adaptability remain essential. Humans process 5,000-20,000 tokens (units of information) per hour, while AI far exceeds this, though its energy use-3.5 to 7 times higher than humans-could offset 20-40% of cost savings. Using real-world examples, such as AI in journalism and law, we illustrate these dynamics and propose six strategies-like a 4-day workweek and retraining-to ensure a fair transition to an AI-driven economy.

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Kevin J McNamara, Rhea Pritham Marpu. 2025-04-11. Exponential Shift: Humans Adapt to AI Economies. https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.08855

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