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arXiv · 2504.10325

Cumulative-Time Signal Temporal Logic

Hongkai Chen·Zeyu Zhang·Shouvik Roy·Ezio Bartocci·Scott A. Smolka·Scott D. Stoller·Shan Lin
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Abstract

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) is a widely adopted specification language in cyber-physical systems for expressing critical temporal requirements, such as safety conditions and response time. However, STL's expressivity is not sufficient to capture the cumulative duration during which a property holds within an interval of time. To overcome this limitation, we introduce Cumulative-Time Signal Temporal Logic (CT-STL) that operates over discrete-time signals and extends STL with a new cumulative-time operator. This operator compares the sum of all time steps for which its nested formula is true with a threshold. We present both a qualitative and a quantitative (robustness) semantics for CT-STL and prove both their soundness and completeness properties. We provide an efficient online monitoring algorithm for both semantics. Finally, we show the applicability of CT-STL in two case studies: specifying and monitoring cumulative temporal requirements for a microgrid and an artificial pancreas.

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Hongkai Chen, Zeyu Zhang, Shouvik Roy, Ezio Bartocci, Scott A. Smolka, Scott D. Stoller, Shan Lin. 2025-04-14. Cumulative-Time Signal Temporal Logic. https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.10325

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