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arXiv · 2504.20206

Evolution of density variations in a trapped atomic superfluid driven into turbulence

Michelle A. Moreno-Armijos·Leandro Machado·Arnol D. García-Orozco·Sarah Sab·Amilson R. Fritsch·Vanderlei S. Bagnato
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Abstract

In this work, we study the free decay of a turbulent trapped Bose gas by analyzing the temporal evolution of density variations extracted from absorption images. We introduce a parameter $\delta$ as a simple and experimentally accessible observable that captures the amplitude of density variations. After the driving is turned off, this parameter exhibits a clear decay, which enabled us to identify a characteristic relaxation time. Interestingly, this timescale remains nearly constant across the range of excitation amplitudes explored, while the magnitude of $\delta$ varies with the injected energy. Numerical simulations based on the Gross-Pitaevskii equation reveal a qualitatively similar behavior, both showing a decay of density variations over time.

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Michelle A. Moreno-Armijos, Leandro Machado, Arnol D. García-Orozco, Sarah Sab, Amilson R. Fritsch, Vanderlei S. Bagnato. 2025-04-28. Evolution of density variations in a trapped atomic superfluid driven into turbulence. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs%2Fs11734-025-01928-x

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