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arXiv · 2504.21783

Three-dimensional horseshoes near an unfolding of a Hopf-Hopf singularity

Santiago Ibáñez·Alexandre A. P. Rodrigues
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Abstract

Motivated by a certain type of unfolding of a Hopf-Hopf singularity, we consider a one-parameter family $(f_\gamma)_{\gamma\geq0}$ of $C^3$--vector fields in $\mathbb{R}^4$ whose flows exhibit a heteroclinic cycle associated to two periodic solutions and a bifocus, all of them hyperbolic. It is formally proved that combining rotation with a generic condition concerning the transverse intersection between the three-dimensional invariant manifolds of the periodic solutions, all sets are highly distorted by the first return map and hyperbolic three-dimensional horseshoes emerge, accumulating on the network. Infinitely many linked horseshoes prompt the coexistence of infinitely many saddle-type invariant sets for all values of $\gamma\gtrsim 0$ belonging to the heteroclinic class of the two hyperbolic periodic solutions. We apply the results to a particular unfolding of the Hopf-Hopf singularity, the so called \emph{Gaspard-type unfolding}.

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Santiago Ibáñez, Alexandre A. P. Rodrigues. 2025-04-30. Three-dimensional horseshoes near an unfolding of a Hopf-Hopf singularity. https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.21783

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