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arXiv · 2505.01701

Fully Integrated Vacuum-based Quantum Random Number Generator

Xin Hua·Yiming Bian·Ying Zhu·Jiayi Dou·Jie Yang·Shengxiang Zhang·Jie Yan·Min Liu·Daigao Chen·Song Yu·Bingjie Xu·Yichen Zhang·Xi Xiao
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Abstract

Quantum random number generators play a crucial role in securing high-demand information contexts by producing true random numbers. Nevertheless, the large volume and high-cost limit their widespread use. Here, we propose a system on chip that fully leverages the advantages of different photonic integrated platforms, where the interference optical paths and photodiodes are integrated on a standard silicon process, while the laser source on-chip is realized on a III-V platform. Using micro-lens coupling package technology, which contributes to a topnotch coupling loss lower than 2dB, the components on different platforms are combined and packaged with the amplifier circuits in a 42mm* 24mm footprint in a butterfly form. This complete miniaturized and cost-effective entropy source enables outputting a vacuum noise signal with a 3dB bandwidth of over 500MHz. After sampling and post-processing, a random number generation rate of up to 6.57Gbps is achieved. The results show a feasible way of overcoming the laser integration problem with silicon-based integrated quantum photonics. Foreseeable, commercial applications on a large scale are significantly promoted.

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Xin Hua, Yiming Bian, Ying Zhu, Jiayi Dou, Jie Yang, Shengxiang Zhang, Jie Yan, Min Liu, Daigao Chen, Song Yu, Bingjie Xu, Yichen Zhang, Xi Xiao. 2025-05-03. Fully Integrated Vacuum-based Quantum Random Number Generator. https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.01701

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