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arXiv · 2505.04704

Disorder-Free Localization and Fragmentation in a Non-Abelian Lattice Gauge Theory

Giovanni Cataldi·Giuseppe Calajó·Pietro Silvi·Simone Montangero·Jad C. Halimeh
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Abstract

We investigate how isolated quantum many-body systems dynamically equilibrate under non-Abelian gauge-symmetry constraints. By encoding gauge superselection sectors into static $\mathrm{SU}(2)$ background charges, we map out the dynamical phase diagram of a (1+1)D $\mathrm{SU}(2)$ lattice gauge theory with dynamical matter. We uncover three distinct regimes: (i) an ergodic phase, (ii) a fragmented phase that is nonthermal but delocalized, and (iii) a disorder-free many-body localized regime. In the latter, a superposition of gauge superselection sectors preserves spatial matter inhomogeneities in time, as evidenced by distinct temporal scalings of entropy. We highlight the non-Abelian nature of these phases and argue for potential realizations on qudit processors.

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Giovanni Cataldi, Giuseppe Calajó, Pietro Silvi, Simone Montangero, Jad C. Halimeh. 2025-05-07. Disorder-Free Localization and Fragmentation in a Non-Abelian Lattice Gauge Theory. https://doi.org/10.1103/fhfy-dh85

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