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arXiv · 2505.07476

Multiqubit coherence of mixed states near event horizon

Wen-Mei Li·Jianbo Lu·Shu-Min Wu
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Abstract

We investigate the coherence of mixed Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) and W states for bosonic and fermionic fields when a subset of $n$ ($n<N$) qubits experiences Hawking radiation near a Schwarzschild black hole. Analytical expressions are derived for the coherence of mixed N-qubit systems, including both the physically accessible and inaccessible parts in curved spacetime. The results show that the mixed W state maintains its coherence more effectively than the GHZ state as the Hawking temperature increases, even though its entanglement is weaker. As the number of qubits grows, W-state coherence becomes increasingly resistant to gravitational decoherence. Furthermore, fermionic fields preserve stronger entanglement, while bosonic fields retain higher coherence, highlighting a clear contrast between different particle statistics. These findings demonstrate how the Schwarzschild spacetime reshapes the balance between quantum coherence and entanglement, offering guidance for future relativistic quantum information applications.

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Wen-Mei Li, Jianbo Lu, Shu-Min Wu. 2025-05-12. Multiqubit coherence of mixed states near event horizon. https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516%2F2026%2F02%2F058

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