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arXiv · 2505.16614

Energy Consumption Framework and Analysis of Post-Quantum Key-Generation on Embedded Devices

J Cameron Patterson·William J Buchanan·Callum Turino
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Abstract

The emergence of quantum computing and Shor's algorithm necessitates an imminent shift from current public key cryptography techniques to post-quantum robust techniques. NIST has responded by standardising Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) algorithms, with ML-KEM (FIPS-203) slated to replace ECDH (Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman) for key exchange. A key practical concern for PQC adoption is energy consumption. This paper introduces a new framework for measuring the PQC energy consumption on a Raspberry Pi when performing key generation. The framework uses both available traditional methods and the newly standardised ML-KEM algorithm via the commonly utilised OpenSSL library.

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J Cameron Patterson, William J Buchanan, Callum Turino. 2025-05-22. Energy Consumption Framework and Analysis of Post-Quantum Key-Generation on Embedded Devices. https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.16614

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