Custom Representations of Inductive Families

Constantine Theocharis; Edwin Brady

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arXiv · 2505.21225

Custom Representations of Inductive Families

Constantine Theocharis·Edwin Brady

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Abstract

Inductive families provide a convenient way of programming with dependent types. Yet, when it comes to compilation, their default linked-tree runtime representations, as well as the need to convert between different indexed views of the same data, can lead to unsatisfactory runtime performance. In this paper, we introduce a language with dependent types, and inductive families with customisable representations. Representations are a version of Wadler's views, refined to inductive families like in Epigram, but with compilation guarantees: a represented inductive family will not leave any runtime traces behind, without relying on heuristics such as deforestation. This way, we can build a library of convenient inductive families based on a minimal set of primitives, whose re-indexing and conversion functions are erased during compilation. We show how we can express optimisation techniques such as representing Nat-like types as GMP-style big integers, without special casing in the compiler. With dependent types, reasoning about data representations is also possible through a provided modality. This yields computationally irrelevant isomorphisms between the original and represented data.

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Constantine Theocharis, Edwin Brady. 2025-05-27. Custom Representations of Inductive Families. https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.21225

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