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arXiv · 2506.00580

Slow Feature Analysis as Variational Inference Objective

Merlin Schüler·Laurenz Wiskott
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Abstract

This work presents a novel probabilistic interpretation of Slow Feature Analysis (SFA) through the lens of variational inference. Unlike prior formulations that recover linear SFA from Gaussian state-space models with linear emissions, this approach relaxes the key constraint of linearity. While it does not lead to full equivalence to non-linear SFA, it recasts the classical slowness objective in a variational framework. Specifically, it allows the slowness objective to be interpreted as a regularizer to a reconstruction loss. Furthermore, we provide arguments, why -- from the perspective of slowness optimization -- the reconstruction loss takes on the role of the constraints that ensure informativeness in SFA. We conclude with a discussion of potential new research directions.

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Merlin Schüler, Laurenz Wiskott. 2025-05-31. Slow Feature Analysis as Variational Inference Objective. https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.00580

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