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arXiv · 2506.10692

Observation of High-Order Quantum Pancharatnam-Berry Phase with Structured Photons

Shuang-Yin Huang·He Jiang·Zhi-Cheng Ren·Zi-Mo Cheng·Wen-Zheng Zhu·Jing Gao·Chang Liu·Xi-Lin Wang·Hui-Tian Wang
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Abstract

When a quantum system evolves so that it returns to its initial state, it will acquire a geometric phase acting as a memory of the transformation of a physical system, which has been experimentally measured in a variety of physical systems. In optics, the most prominent example is the Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) phase. Recent technological advances in phase and polarization structure have led to the discovery of high-order PB phases with structured light fields. The study on the high-order PB phase is limited in the context of elementary quantum states of light, especially in the case of photon number states. Here, we experimentally investigate the differences of high-order PB phases between single-photon and N00N states. Our results show that the PB phase, like the dynamic phase, can also be doubled under two-photon states, which can greatly improve the phase sensitivity for greater $N$ in N00N states and high-order structured photons. This may show some implications for quantum precision measurement and quantum state engineering based on geometric phase.

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Shuang-Yin Huang, He Jiang, Zhi-Cheng Ren, Zi-Mo Cheng, Wen-Zheng Zhu, Jing Gao, Chang Liu, Xi-Lin Wang, Hui-Tian Wang. 2025-06-12. Observation of High-Order Quantum Pancharatnam-Berry Phase with Structured Photons. https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.10692

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