The 2MIG isolated AGNs -- 2. X-ray general properties and peculiarities

Abstract

We have analysed a sample of 2MIG isolated galaxies hosting AGNs (isolated AGNs) to assess whether their nuclear activity differs from that in denser environments. The isolation criteria rule out interactions with other galaxies of similar evolutionary stage at least $\sim 3$~Gyr. We systematised the available \textit{Swift}, \textit{NuSTAR}, \textit{XMM-Newton}, \textit{Chandra}, and \textit{INTEGRAL} X-ray data for isolated AGNs at $z<0.05$, determining their general X-ray properties and peculiarities, spectral models, and supermassive black hole (SMBH) masses. We investigated the best spectral models for 20 isolated AGNs, including 9 sources fitted for the first time in this work. Our results indicate that an isolation of galaxies in the nearby Universe does not significantly affect nuclear activity. This conclusion is supported by the diversity of accretion types and the absence of any preference for a particular basic or composite spectral model. We note an interesting case for ESO~499$-$041, where the data-to-model ratio shows significant changes above 5~keV. These deviations from the continuum may tentatively indicate the presence of a relativistic iron line in the \textit{Chandra} spectrum of ESO~499$-$041 compared to the \textit{Swift} spectrum. We derived SMBH masses for 24/32 isolated AGNs applying the $M_{\rm BH}$--$\sigma_\star$ relation and used available estimates for 8/32. A general distribution is that 27/32 isolated AGNs host SMBHs with $M_{\mathrm{SMBH}} \lesssim 10^{8}\,M_\odot$. For the first time, we found evidence of the linear correlation between L$_{2-10, keV}$ and $\log M_{\mathrm{SMBH}}$ that is not observed in other AGNs samples. This trend may be affected by the limited sample size and requires further confirmation with larger datasets.