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arXiv · 2506.15477

Multimodal Large Language Models for Medical Report Generation via Customized Prompt Tuning

Chunlei Li·Jingyang Hou·Yilei Shi·Jingliang Hu·Xiao Xiang Zhu·Lichao Mou
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Abstract

Medical report generation from imaging data remains a challenging task in clinical practice. While large language models (LLMs) show great promise in addressing this challenge, their effective integration with medical imaging data still deserves in-depth exploration. In this paper, we present MRG-LLM, a novel multimodal large language model (MLLM) that combines a frozen LLM with a learnable visual encoder and introduces a dynamic prompt customization mechanism. Our key innovation lies in generating instance-specific prompts tailored to individual medical images through conditional affine transformations derived from visual features. We propose two implementations: prompt-wise and promptbook-wise customization, enabling precise and targeted report generation. Extensive experiments on IU X-ray and MIMIC-CXR datasets demonstrate that MRG-LLM achieves state-of-the-art performance in medical report generation. Our code will be made publicly available.

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Chunlei Li, Jingyang Hou, Yilei Shi, Jingliang Hu, Xiao Xiang Zhu, Lichao Mou. 2025-06-18. Multimodal Large Language Models for Medical Report Generation via Customized Prompt Tuning. https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.15477

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