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arXiv · 2506.19233

Shelby: Decentralized Storage Designed to Serve

Guy Goren·Andrew Hariri·Timothy D. R. Hartley·Ravi Kappiyoor·Alexander Spiegelman·David Zmick
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Abstract

Existing decentralized storage protocols fall short of the service required by real-world applications. Their throughput, latency, cost-effectiveness, and availability are insufficient for demanding workloads such as video streaming, large-scale data analytics, or AI training. As a result, Web3 data-intensive applications are predominantly dependent on centralized infrastructure. Shelby is a high-performance decentralized storage protocol designed to meet demanding needs. It achieves fast, reliable access to large volumes of data while preserving decentralization guarantees. The architecture reflects lessons from Web2 systems: it separates control and data planes, uses erasure coding with low replication overhead and minimal repair bandwidth, and operates over a dedicated backbone connecting RPC and storage nodes. Reads are paid, which incentivizes good performance. Shelby also introduces a novel auditing protocol that provides strong cryptoeconomic guarantees without compromising performance, a common limitation of other decentralized solutions. The result is a decentralized system that brings Web2-grade performance to production-scale, read-intensive Web3 applications.

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Guy Goren, Andrew Hariri, Timothy D. R. Hartley, Ravi Kappiyoor, Alexander Spiegelman, David Zmick. 2025-06-24. Shelby: Decentralized Storage Designed to Serve. https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.19233

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