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arXiv · 2506.20658

A Framework for Quantum Advantage

Olivia Lanes·Mourad Beji·Antonio D. Corcoles·Constantin Dalyac·Jay M. Gambetta·Loic Henriet·Ali Javadi-Abhari·Abhinav Kandala·Antonio Mezzacapo·Christopher Porter·Sarah Sheldon·John Watrous·Christa Zoufal·Alexandre Dauphin·Borja Peropadre
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Abstract

As quantum computing approaches the threshold where certain tasks demonstrably outpace their classical machines, the need for a precise, clear, consensus-driven definition of quantum advantage becomes essential. Rapid progress in the field has blurred this term across companies, architectures, and application domains. Here, we aim to articulate an operational definition for quantum advantage that is both platform-agnostic and empirically verifiable. Building on this framework, we highlight the algorithmic families most likely to achieve early advantage. Finally, we outline our vision for the near future, in which quantum computers enhance existing high-performance computing platforms, enabling new frontiers in chemistry, materials discovery, optimization, and beyond.

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Olivia Lanes, Mourad Beji, Antonio D. Corcoles, Constantin Dalyac, Jay M. Gambetta, Loic Henriet, Ali Javadi-Abhari, Abhinav Kandala, Antonio Mezzacapo, Christopher Porter, Sarah Sheldon, John Watrous, Christa Zoufal, Alexandre Dauphin, Borja Peropadre. 2025-06-25. A Framework for Quantum Advantage. https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20658

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