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arXiv · 2506.22000

Heterogeneous Massive MIMO: A Cost-Efficient Technique for Uniform Service in Cellular Networks

Wei Jiang·Hans D. Schotten
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Abstract

Massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) has evolved along two tracks: cellular and cell-free, each with unique advantages and limitations. The cellular approach suffers from worse user spectral efficiency at cell edges, whereas the cell-free approach incurs high implementation costs due to a large-scale distributed infrastructure. This paper introduces a novel networking paradigm, termed heterogeneous massive MIMO (HmMIMO), which seamlessly integrates co-located and distributed antennas. Differing from two conventional paradigms, HmMIMO remains a base station with a large antenna array at the center of each cell, aided by distributed antennas deployed at cell edges. Our findings demonstrate that this paradigm achieves a favorable trade-off between performance and implementation complexity.

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Wei Jiang, Hans D. Schotten. 2025-06-27. Heterogeneous Massive MIMO: A Cost-Efficient Technique for Uniform Service in Cellular Networks. https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22000

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