Prospects for PBR detection of KM3-230213A-like events

Angela V. Olinto; Luis A. Anchordoqui; Austin Cummings; Johannes Eser; Diksha Garg; Claire Guépin; Tobias Heibges; John F. Krizmanic; Thomas C. Paul; Karem Peñaló Castillo; Mary Hall Reno; Tonia M. Venters

arXiv · 2507.02246

Prospects for PBR detection of KM3-230213A-like events

Angela V. Olinto·Luis A. Anchordoqui·Austin Cummings·Johannes Eser·Diksha Garg·Claire Guépin·Tobias Heibges·John F. Krizmanic·Thomas C. Paul·Karem Peñaló Castillo·Mary Hall Reno·Tonia M. Venters

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Abstract

POEMMA-Balloon with Radio (PBR) is a scaled-down version of the Probe Of Extreme Multi-Messenger Astrophysics (POEMMA) design, optimized to be flown as a payload on one of NASA's sub-orbital super pressure balloons circling the Earth above the southern oceans for a mission duration of more than 20 days. One of the main science objectives of PBR is to follow up astrophysical event alerts in search of neutrinos with very high energy ($10^8 \lesssim E_\nu /{\rm GeV} \lesssim 10^{10}$). Of particular interest for anticipated PBR observations, the KM3NeT Collaboration has recently reported the detection of the neutrino KM3-230213A with $10^{7.8} \lesssim E_\nu/{\rm GeV} \lesssim 10^{9.0}$. Such an unprecedented event is in tension with upper limits on the cosmic neutrino flux from IceCube and the Pierre Auger Observatory: for a diffuse isotropic neutrino flux there is a $3.5\sigma$ tension between KM3NeT and IceCube measurements, and about $2.6\sigma$ if the neutrino flux originates in transient sources. Therefore, if KM3-230213A was not beginner's luck, it becomes compelling to consider beyond Standard Model (BSM) possibilities which could lead to a signal at KM3NeT-ARCA but not at IceCube/Auger. We calculate the PBR horizon-range sensitivity to probe BSM physics compatible with observation at KM3NeT-ARCA and non-observation at IceCube/Auger. As an illustration, we consider a particular class of BSM physics models which has been described in the literature as a possible explanation of KM3-230213A.

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Angela V. Olinto, Luis A. Anchordoqui, Austin Cummings, Johannes Eser, Diksha Garg, Claire Guépin, Tobias Heibges, John F. Krizmanic, Thomas C. Paul, Karem Peñaló Castillo, Mary Hall Reno, Tonia M. Venters. 2025-07-03. Prospects for PBR detection of KM3-230213A-like events. https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.02246

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