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arXiv · 2507.07932

KIS-S: A GPU-Aware Kubernetes Inference Simulator with RL-Based Auto-Scaling

Guilin Zhang·Wulan Guo·Ziqi Tan·Qiang Guan·Hailong Jiang
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Abstract

Autoscaling GPU inference workloads in Kubernetes remains challenging due to the reactive and threshold-based nature of default mechanisms such as the Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA), which struggle under dynamic and bursty traffic patterns and lack integration with GPU-level metrics. We present KIS-S, a unified framework that combines KISim, a GPU-aware Kubernetes Inference Simulator, with KIScaler, a Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO)-based autoscaler. KIScaler learns latency-aware and resource-efficient scaling policies entirely in simulation, and is directly deployed without retraining. Experiments across four traffic patterns show that KIScaler improves average reward by 75.2%, reduces P95 latency up to 6.7x over CPU baselines, and generalizes without retraining. Our work bridges the gap between reactive autoscaling and intelligent orchestration for scalable GPU-accelerated environments.

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Guilin Zhang, Wulan Guo, Ziqi Tan, Qiang Guan, Hailong Jiang. 2025-07-10. KIS-S: A GPU-Aware Kubernetes Inference Simulator with RL-Based Auto-Scaling. https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07932

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