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arXiv · 2507.11475

CRPropa 3.3: Toward a Unified Multi-Messenger Framework from GeV to ZeV Energies

Sophie Aerdker·Rafael Alves Batista·Julia Becker Tjus·Gaetano Di Marco·Julien Dörner·Karl-Heinz Kampert·Lukas Merten·Leonel Morejon·Gero Müller·Patrick Reichherzer·Andrey Saveliev·Leander Schlegel·Günter Sigl·Arjen van Vliet
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Abstract

We present CRPropa 3.3, the latest release of the publicly available Monte Carlo framework for simulating the propagation of high-energy particles in astrophysical environments. This version introduces significant extensions that enables multi-messenger studies across a broad energy range, from GeV to ZeV. New features include explicit time tracking, time-dependent advection fields, and support for position-dependent radiation backgrounds, for more realistic simulations of Galactic and extragalactic propagation. Nuclear cross sections have been updated and expanded up to lead (Z=82). We illustrate some of these new features, including acceleration at moving shocks and gamma-ray propagation in the interstellar radiation field. Together, these improvements establish CRPropa 3.3 as a comprehensive tool for modelling cosmic rays, gamma rays, and their secondaries in structured, time-dependent environments, setting the stage for next-generation multi-messenger astrophysics.

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Sophie Aerdker, Rafael Alves Batista, Julia Becker Tjus, Gaetano Di Marco, Julien Dörner, Karl-Heinz Kampert, Lukas Merten, Leonel Morejon, Gero Müller, Patrick Reichherzer, Andrey Saveliev, Leander Schlegel, Günter Sigl, Arjen van Vliet. 2025-07-15. CRPropa 3.3: Toward a Unified Multi-Messenger Framework from GeV to ZeV Energies. https://doi.org/10.22323/1.501.0964

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