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arXiv · 2507.23071

Scalable Ion Fluorescence Collection Using a Trap-Integrated Metalens

Hae Lim·Johannes E. Fröch·Christian M. Pluchar·Arka Majumdar·Sara L. Mouradian
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Abstract

A scaled trapped-ion quantum computer will require efficient fluorescence collection across a large area. Here we propose and demonstrate a compact monolithically integrated system featuring a metalens fabricated on the backside of a surface ion trap. A 40$\times$100 $\mu$m aperture enables a simulated point-source collection efficiency of 0.91% and a measured point-source detection efficiency of 0.58%. Increasing the aperture area to 40$\times$600 $\mu$m boosts the simulated collection efficiency to 3.17%$-$comparable to that of a conventional objective with a numerical aperture of 0.35. Further improvements are possible by co-optimizing the electrode and aperture geometry. An undercut of the electrode substrate at the aperture ensures a large distance between the ion and dielectric substrate without compromising collection efficiency. The metalens directly collimates the collected fluorescence, eliminating the need for a high numerical aperture objective. An array of such readout zones will offer a compact, scalable solution for high-fidelity parallel readout in next-generation trapped-ion quantum processors.

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Hae Lim, Johannes E. Fröch, Christian M. Pluchar, Arka Majumdar, Sara L. Mouradian. 2025-07-30. Scalable Ion Fluorescence Collection Using a Trap-Integrated Metalens. https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.23071

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